Cyclic Voltammetry-Assisted Electrodeposition of TiO2/PANI Thin Films on Boron-Doped Diamond and Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide: Effect of Composition on Interfacial and Electrochemical Properties

This study presents the successful electrodeposition of polyaniline (PANI) and TiO2/PANI composites on boron-doped diamond (BDD) and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates via cyclic voltammetry. Using 20 scan cycles in 0.5 M H2SO4, we synthesized thin films with tailored electrochemical properties. The formation of PANI was confirmed by characteristic redox peaks in the voltammograms, while FTIR spectroscopy identified key functional groups and bonding interactions between TiO2 and PANI. Morphological analysis via optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed uniform but cracked surfaces influenced by TiO2 loading. Composite electrodes with molar ratios of 2:1, 4:1, and 6:1 (TiO2:PANI) were compared, showing increased titanium content with higher ratios, as confirmed by EDS. This work offers a reproducible route for designing modified electrodes with enhanced interfacial properties.