Cardio-metabolic risks in preterm children: opportunities, cautions and the importance of longer-term study

What does this article add to the existing literature: This commentary highlights the significance of conducting prospective research in preterm populations as they age to characterize growth trajectories and links with metabolic profiles, supporting the concept of the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). Significant gaps in foundational knowledge on physiological responses and optimal metabolic demands in preterm children exist and constrain the depth of current interpretations. Methodological challenges of different anthropometric and metabolic assessment methods must be carefully weighed to ensure reliable conclusions for future clinical application.