LNG storage tank evaporation influence factor analysis

The static evaporation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a key factor influencing the safety of LNG storage tanks, since it leads to boil-off gas (BOG) generation and pressure rise inside the tank. To better understand this process, a numerical model of a large LNG storage tank is developed using the Ansys Fluent computational fluid dynamics software. The model incorporates heat and mass transfer mechanisms and is validated against experimental data, with the maximum absolute error between the simulation and field measurements being found to be less than 8%. The effects of operating and environmental parameters, including ambient temperature, initial filling ratio, and tank wall heat transfer coefficient, on BOG generation and pressure evolution are systematically investigated. The results provide theoretical guidance for the optimization of LNG tank design and safe operation management.