Job satisfaction and associated factors among health workers at Hargeisa Group Hospital, Somaliland: a cross-sectional study

A competent, motivated, and adequately supported health workforce is essential for improving health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. In Somaliland, shortages of skilled health workers remain severe, and retaining existing staff is a growing challenge. However, empirical evidence on health workers’ job satisfaction and its determinants remains limited. This study aimed to assess the level of job satisfaction and identify factors associated with it among health workers at Hargeisa Group Hospital. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 health workers at Hargeisa Group Hospital. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed to examine the relationship between job satisfaction and selected socio-demographic and work-related factors. The study found that approximately two-thirds of health workers were satisfied with their jobs. Job satisfaction was significantly associated with gender, job title, salary, job recognition, workload, availability of equipment and supplies, inclusion in a job cadre, and access to skills training. Higher satisfaction was observed among staff who reported better pay, recognition for their work, access to training, and inclusion in a formal job cadre. In contrast, heavier workload, inadequate equipment and supplies, and certain job categories, particularly midwifery, were associated with lower levels of satisfaction. Differences in job satisfaction by gender were also observed. Job satisfaction among health workers at Hargeisa Group Hospital was moderate, indicating substantial room for improvement. Addressing workload challenges, strengthening recognition and career structures, improving resource availability, and expanding opportunities for professional development may help improve staff motivation, retention, and overall health system performance in Somaliland.