Assessing Students’ Knowledge of Genetically Modified Foods as a Predictor of Future Attitudes Toward Consumption

Genetically modified foods represent an important application of modern biotechnology and remain a subject of public debate. Attitudes toward consumption are more likely to be influenced by varying levels of scientific knowledge. University students from the College of Science and the College of Agricultural and Food Sciences at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, are expected to possess the basic knowledge that may affect their attitudes toward consumption of genetically modified foods. This study aimed to assess undergraduate students’ knowledge as a predictor of future attitudes toward consumption of genetically modified foods. Using a descriptive method, an electronic questionnaire was administered to a random sample of 300 participants during the first semester of the academic year 2025/2026. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and t-tests. The results indicate that students possess a moderate level of scientific knowledge. Their future attitudes toward consuming genetically modified foods were also moderate. Prior studying of genetics and biotechnology courses significantly affects students’ scientific knowledge and future attitudes toward consumption of genetically modified food. The students strongly supported strict regulations, but they expressed hesitation regarding consumption regardless of scientific assurances of safety. No statistically significant differences in knowledge or attitudes based on specialization or gender were found. The authors recommend integrating ethical and social considerations of this kind of food into educational curricula to support informed decision-making among future professionals.