Experiencing linguistic prejudice and discrimination in Saudi Arabia: a path towards inequality

This qualitative study explores linguistic prejudice and discrimination (LPD) in Saudi Arabia. Using semi-structured interviews with 17 Saudi participants, this study identifies how language perceptions interact with societal hierarchies in Saudi Arabia. Guided by the framework of language ideology and language identity, the findings reveal widespread experiences of language-based mockery and differential treatment across educational, occupational, institutional, and social contexts. Moreover, LPD was problematised, perceived, and experienced as psychologically harmful. The participants’ narratives highlighted the role of regional dialects as identity markers and the high potential for linguistic discrimination even if it was not directly experienced. This study documents first-hand accounts of LPD in Saudi Arabia and links these insights to broader language ideologies. Several recommendations are provided to promote linguistic inclusivity and challenge LPD, emphasising the need for comprehensive educational initiatives and explicit anti-discrimination legislation.