Quantifying in vivo kinematics of the wrist during opposite dart-throwing motion: a 4D CT study

During the oDTM, the radiocarpal joint exhibited motion consistent with the oDTM plane, while the midcarpal joint-particularly on the radial side-demonstrated motion more characteristic of the classical dart-throwing motion (DTM). Both the radiocarpal and midcarpal joints play integral and complementary roles in facilitating wrist oDTM. However, due to the relatively small sample size (n = 11) and the homogeneous cohort, the generalizability of these findings to broader or more diverse populations may be limited.