Graphene‐Based Wearable Textile Triboelectric Nanogenerators and Biomechanical Sensors

ABSTRACT Wearable textile triboelectric nanogenerators (T‐TENGs) offer a promising platform for wearable energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing. In this work, we present a wearable spray‐coated graphene‐based T‐TENG, in which a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) adhesion layer serves to enhance the interfacial performance. The graphene/PVA textile (Gr/PVA‐Tex) electrode exhibits a significantly low sheet resistance of 479.3 Ω □ −1 , which is over four orders of magnitude lower than that of a pure graphene textile (Gr‐Tex) electrode (5.4 MΩ □ −1 ), while maintaining stable electrical conductivity after more than 1000 bending cycles. The graphene/PVA layer functions as both the electric induction electrode and triboelectric component, enhancing the wearability by increasing the average total strain by 60.5% while maintaining the ultimate tensile strength in both warp (103.3 MPa) and weft (48.6 MPa) directions. This mechanical reinforcement ensures stable and durable performance of the T‐TENG device. The device was optimized for simultaneous pressure (with area‐normalized sensitivity of 0.176 kPa −1 cm −2 from 9.8 to 120 kPa and 0.003 kPa −1 cm −2 from 120.0 to 318.5 kPa) and biomotion sensing, making it well‐suited for applications such as rehabilitation monitoring, activity tracking, and emergency response. This work presents a facile, low‐cost fabrication strategy for T‐TENGs and highlights the functional advantages of sprayed graphene/PVA for next‐generation wearable electronics.