2025 ESC/EACTS valvular heart disease guidelines: key updates and surgical implications for cardiac surgeons

These guideline recommendations reflect upon contemporary evidence to support thoughtful decision making, encourage earlier intervention, and reinforce the central role of cardiac surgery and cardiology partnerships in achieving best patient outcomes through Heart Valve Centres. Cardiac surgeons should continue advance excellence in valve repair and reconstructive surgery and embrace the complementary role of transcatheter valve therapies.