Structural gender inequities in dental specialty training in Türkiye: evidence from a national cross-sectional study

Gender-based imbalances persist in dental specialty education in Türkiye, particularly in surgical fields, where women remain underrepresented. The modest performance of the NamSor algorithm underscores that AI-based name classification should be regarded as an exploratory method and applied only with caution, while verified administrative data remain the reference standard for gender identification. These findings highlight the importance of equity-focused policies, mentorship initiatives, and gender-sensitive strategies to support balanced participation and career development in dental education.