Corrigendum to “Invertible Quadratic Non-Linear Layers for MPC-/FHE-/ZK-Friendly Schemes over F<sup>n</sup><sub>p</sub> : Application to Poseidon”

Neptune is a hash function proposed by Grassi et al. at ToSC 2022(3) for Zero-Knowledge (ZK) applications. In this note, we show that the linear layer of Neptune’s external rounds fails to guarantee the maximum growth of the degree, potentially affecting the security of Neptune against algebraic attacks. Here, we formally address this problem, by identifying sufficient conditions that ensure the expected degree growth is maintained.

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Publication Details

Journal
IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology
Published
2026-03-16
DOI
https://doi.org/10.46586/tosc.v2026.i1.527-532
Primary Topic
Cryptographic Implementations and Security
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Corrigendum to “Invertible Quadratic Non-Linear Layers for MPC-/FHE-/ZK-Friendly Schemes over Fnp : Application to Poseidon”

Lorenzo Grassi, Matilda Urani
IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology
Cryptographic Implementations and Security
article

Corrigendum to “Invertible Quadratic Non-Linear Layers for MPC-/FHE-/ZK-Friendly Schemes over Fnp : Application to Poseidon”

Lorenzo Grassi, Matilda Urani
article en

Abstract

Neptune is a hash function proposed by Grassi et al. at ToSC 2022(3) for Zero-Knowledge (ZK) applications. In this note, we show that the linear layer of Neptune’s external rounds fails to guarantee the maximum growth of the degree, potentially affecting the security of Neptune against algebraic attacks. Here, we formally address this problem, by identifying sufficient conditions that ensure the expected degree growth is maintained.

IACR Transactions on Symmetric CryptologyVol. 2026(1)
Politecnico di Torino (IT), Eindhoven University of Technology (NL)
European Commission
Openalex Percentile: Top 23%
Cryptographic Implementations and Security
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