Assessment of Precipitation and Soil Water Content and Their Effects on Evaporation in Haihe River Basin Based on Remote Sensing Technology

This article aims to explore the application of remote sensing technology in monitoring precipitation and soil moisture in the Haihe River Basin, and further evaluate the impact of these parameters on evaporation. The study first analyzed the accuracy and applicability of remote sensing data, and then used these data to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of precipitation and soil moisture in different regions and seasons of the Haihe River Basin. On this basis, a hydrological model combined with remote sensing monitoring data was used to quantify the impact of precipitation and soil moisture changes on surface evaporation, and to explore their mechanisms in the water cycle process. Research has found that the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation and soil moisture significantly affects the evaporation process, especially during the transition between dry and wet seasons, where this effect is more prominent, among them, 88.4% of the precipitation was concentrated in summer and autumn. The evaporation of bare soil suddenly decreased in November, and a strong positive correlation (r ~ 0.85) was found between the spring soil moisture content and the evaporation of bare soil in the area north of the Yanshan Mountains. The research results of this article not only provide scientific basis for water resource management and agricultural irrigation in the Haihe River Basin, but also provide new perspectives and methods for using remote sensing technology to monitor and evaluate the water cycle process in the basin.