Dual-Feed Multi-Polarized Modulated Metasurface Antenna with Port-Switching Reconfigurability

In this work, a dual-fed multi-polarized holographic metasurface leaky-wave antenna (HMSLWA) with orthogonally positioned feeds is proposed, theoretically analyzed, and experimentally validated. A novel phase modulation technique is introduced to enable orthogonal polarization isolation, supporting a wide range of polarization states, including linear and circular polarizations (LHCP and RHCP). Theoretical analysis is carried out to evaluate orthogonal phase modulation and complex field propagation under dual-feed excitation conditions. A polarization-agile, single-beam HMSLWA dominated by a TMor surface wave mode is designed and experimentally validated at an operating frequency of 13.5 GHz. The HMSLWA, comprising 3364 scalar meta unit-cells arranged in a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$58 \times 58$</tex> configuration, spans an overall aperture of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$12.5 \lambda_{0} \times 12.5 \lambda_{0}$</tex>. Using a mechanical portswitching technique, a directive single beam is focused toward <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\left(\theta_{0}, \varphi_{0}\right)=\left(0^{\circ}, 0^{\circ}\right)$</tex>, with a peak gain of 22.11 dBi, while enabling dynamic polarization switching among LHCP, RHCP, and linearly polarized states.