A literature review: Blood stream infection associated with Microbacterium flavescens

Microbacterium flavescens (M. flavescens) is a bacterium belonging to the genus Microbacterium, typically regarded as a normal commensal of human skin and mucous membranes. However, it can act as an opportunistic pathogen in susceptible individuals. In this case, the patient underwent blood culture testing, with four sets of blood specimens repeatedly submitted for analysis. Microscopic examination revealed Gram-positive bacilli, and subsequent culture confirmed the presence of M. flavescens. Based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the patient received ceftriaxone from May 9 to May 11 and vancomycin for antibiotic treatment from May 12 to May 17, 2024. The patient’s clinical condition remained generally stable, and following clinical improvement, the patient was discharged. This case and the seven previously published cases of Microbacterium bacteremia are discussed in this review. It provides new perspectives for clinical diagnosis, holds significant importance for enriching the spectrum of infectious disease pathogens and guiding precise treatment.