Sex and gender effects on incidence of migraine and stroke: a longitudinal observational study based on the german socio-economic panel
Both sex and gender differentially affected stroke, whereas only sex showed a direct effect on migraine. We demonstrated that biological and social dimensions of sex and gender can be systematically addressed within the same model including gender as an unobserved latent variable, while remaining attentive to contextual complexity.
Authors
- Tobias Kurth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-2620)
- Mascha Kern (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-4992)
- Stefanie Theuring (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-7903)
- Hans-Aloys Wischmann
- Alex Müller
Institutions
- University of Cape Town (ZA)
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Biology of Sex Differences
- Published
- 2026-03-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-026-00875-z
- Primary Topic
- Migraine and Headache Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00