When industry meets Trustworthy AI: a systematic review of AI for Industry 5.0

Abstract Industry is at the forefront of adopting new technologies, and the process followed by the adoption has a significant impact on the economy and society. In this work, we focus on analysing the current paradigm in which industry evolves, making it more sustainable and Trustworthy. In Industry 5.0, Artificial Intelligence (AI), among other technology enablers, is used to build services from a sustainable, human-centric and resilient perspective. It is crucial to understand those aspects that can bring AI to industry, respecting Trustworthy principles by collecting information to define how it is incorporated in the early stages, its impact, and the trends observed in the field. To better understand the challenges and gaps in transitioning from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0, an overall assessment of the industry’s readiness for new technologies was conducted using the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) scale. This assessment, combined with insights into the gaps and challenges of the transition, offers practitioners new opportunities to explore in their efforts to adopt Trustworthy AI in the sector.