D5.2.2.1 Integrated NFDI4Energy simulation scenario ontology

The primary objective of Task 5.2.2 in NFDI4Energy is to develop a scenario ontology for co‐simulation and to facilitate the creation of simulation scenarios. As a first step, we examined available ontologies and evaluated their relevance for this use case, as described in a previous deliverable [1]. Based on this preliminary work, we decided to use the Open Energy Ontology (OEO) as a basis for our development and to add new concepts for the definition of simulation scenarios [2].The most essential concepts for the description of co‐simulation, are the scenarios, components, and connections. In this context, scenario is a general term for the description of a simulation, consisting of different simulation components and the connections between them, which describe the data flows in a simulation. We modeled these concepts in the OEO to provide a basis for the description and annotation of co‐simulation scenarios. Additional concepts may be added in the future to provide more details. Clear description and systematic annotation of simulation scenarios are essential because they standardize terminology and configuration, which lead to improved interoperability across diverse co‐simulation frameworks and reduces the manual effort required to align heterogeneous models and tools. This standardization also supports automated discovery of compatible components, automated compatibility checks, and scalable scenario deployment (e.g., within Simulation‐as‐a‐Service (SimaaS) infrastructures). Moreover, well‐annotated scenarios enhance reproducibility and FAIRness of simulation experiments by making scenario definitions easier to share, compare, and reuse across research projects and platforms.