Effect of dietary fibre supplementation on metabolic endotoxemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials

The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of dietary fibre (DF) supplementation on metabolic endotoxemia (ME). A comprehensive search of multiple databases was conducted to identify relevant clinical trials. Selected trials were systematically reviewed, and a meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. The comprehensive database search retrieved 732 records; of these, 15 randomised controlled trials involving a total of 773 participants fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were subsequently included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Supplementation with DF significantly decreased serum lipopolysaccharide levels (<i>p</i> < 0.00001, I² = 97%). TNF-α levels also decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.02, I² = 90%), while IL-10 levels increased (<i>p</i> < 0.02, I² = 85%). DF supplementation did not significantly affect lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, C-reactive protein, IL-6, HDL, or LDL levels. The pooled evidence provides evidence to support the use of DF supplementation in ameliorating ME and inflammatory cytokines which could prevent chronic inflammation-related diseases.