The essential oils chemical composition of aerial parts of two accessions of <b> <i>Thymus atticus</i> </b> Čelak., growing wild in North Macedonia

<i>Thymus atticus</i> Čelak. (Lamiaceae) is a Balkan species belonging to section <i>Hyphodromi</i>, subsect. <i>Subbracteati</i>. This study reports the first chemical characterisation of essential oils (EOs) from two <i>T. atticus</i> accessions (<b>Ta1</b> and <b>Ta2</b>) growing wild in North Macedonia. EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS. <b>Ta1</b> contained forty-nine compounds (95.33%), dominated by sesquiterpenes (69.29%), mainly (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol (30.83%) and <i>β</i>-caryophyllene (11.68%); <b>Ta2</b> included forty-one metabolites (97.86%), with terpene hydrocarbons (81.97%) prevailing, chiefly <i>β</i>-caryophyllene (16.72%), myrcene (12.19%), and (<i>E</i>)-<i>β</i>-ocimene (10.97%). Multivariate analyses (PCA, HCA) revealed notable chemical variability, confirming the presence of distinct chemotypes within <i>T. atticus</i>. <b>Ta1</b> matched the (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol/<i>β</i>-caryophyllene/germacrene D/myrcene chemotype, while <b>Ta2</b> showed a unique profile, suggesting a potential new chemotype. These results expand knowledge of <i>T. atticus</i> chemical diversity and its potential taxonomic and phytochemical significance. A complete review of the essential oil compositions of <i>Thymus</i> belonging to the sect. <i>Hyphodromi</i>, subsect. <i>Subbracteati</i> has been carried out.

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Journal
Natural Product Research
Published
2026-03-16
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2644636
Primary Topic
Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
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article
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article

The essential oils chemical composition of aerial parts of two accessions of Thymus atticus Čelak., growing wild in North Macedonia

Vincenzo Ilardi, Natale Badalamenti, Antonella Porrello, Maurizio Bruno
Natural Product Research
Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
article

The essential oils chemical composition of aerial parts of two accessions of Thymus atticus Čelak., growing wild in North Macedonia

Vincenzo Ilardi, Natale Badalamenti, Antonella Porrello, Maurizio Bruno
article en

Abstract

<i>Thymus atticus</i> Čelak. (Lamiaceae) is a Balkan species belonging to section <i>Hyphodromi</i>, subsect. <i>Subbracteati</i>. This study reports the first chemical characterisation of essential oils (EOs) from two <i>T. atticus</i> accessions (<b>Ta1</b> and <b>Ta2</b>) growing wild in North Macedonia. EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS. <b>Ta1</b> contained forty-nine compounds (95.33%), dominated by sesquiterpenes (69.29%), mainly (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol (30.83%) and <i>β</i>-caryophyllene (11.68%); <b>Ta2</b> included forty-one metabolites (97.86%), with terpene hydrocarbons (81.97%) prevailing, chiefly <i>β</i>-caryophyllene (16.72%), myrcene (12.19%), and (<i>E</i>)-<i>β</i>-ocimene (10.97%). Multivariate analyses (PCA, HCA) revealed notable chemical variability, confirming the presence of distinct chemotypes within <i>T. atticus</i>. <b>Ta1</b> matched the (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol/<i>β</i>-caryophyllene/germacrene D/myrcene chemotype, while <b>Ta2</b> showed a unique profile, suggesting a potential new chemotype. These results expand knowledge of <i>T. atticus</i> chemical diversity and its potential taxonomic and phytochemical significance. A complete review of the essential oil compositions of <i>Thymus</i> belonging to the sect. <i>Hyphodromi</i>, subsect. <i>Subbracteati</i> has been carried out.

Natural Product Research
National Biodiversity Institute (CR), University of Palermo (AR)
Zero hunger
Openalex Percentile: Top 19%
Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
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