The essential oils chemical composition of aerial parts of two accessions of <b> <i>Thymus atticus</i> </b> Čelak., growing wild in North Macedonia
<i>Thymus atticus</i> Čelak. (Lamiaceae) is a Balkan species belonging to section <i>Hyphodromi</i>, subsect. <i>Subbracteati</i>. This study reports the first chemical characterisation of essential oils (EOs) from two <i>T. atticus</i> accessions (<b>Ta1</b> and <b>Ta2</b>) growing wild in North Macedonia. EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS. <b>Ta1</b> contained forty-nine compounds (95.33%), dominated by sesquiterpenes (69.29%), mainly (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol (30.83%) and <i>β</i>-caryophyllene (11.68%); <b>Ta2</b> included forty-one metabolites (97.86%), with terpene hydrocarbons (81.97%) prevailing, chiefly <i>β</i>-caryophyllene (16.72%), myrcene (12.19%), and (<i>E</i>)-<i>β</i>-ocimene (10.97%). Multivariate analyses (PCA, HCA) revealed notable chemical variability, confirming the presence of distinct chemotypes within <i>T. atticus</i>. <b>Ta1</b> matched the (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol/<i>β</i>-caryophyllene/germacrene D/myrcene chemotype, while <b>Ta2</b> showed a unique profile, suggesting a potential new chemotype. These results expand knowledge of <i>T. atticus</i> chemical diversity and its potential taxonomic and phytochemical significance. A complete review of the essential oil compositions of <i>Thymus</i> belonging to the sect. <i>Hyphodromi</i>, subsect. <i>Subbracteati</i> has been carried out.
Authors
- Vincenzo Ilardi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-2711)
- Natale Badalamenti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7961-3894)
- Antonella Porrello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4887-3967)
- Maurizio Bruno
Institutions
- National Biodiversity Institute (CR)
- University of Palermo (AR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Natural Product Research
- Published
- 2026-03-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2026.2644636
- Primary Topic
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00