Regulatory and HTA framework for herbal medicines in Indonesia

This review provides the first integrated synthesis of evidence generation, regulatory pathways, HTA processes, PV systems, and financing-governance alignment for herbal medicines in Indonesia. Findings highlight the need to strengthen evidence standards, adapt HTA methodologies, reinforce PV and laboratory capacity, and improve regulatory-financing linkages. Implementing the proposed framework can enhance policy coherence, regulatory transparency, and safety oversight, supporting more credible and evidence-informed integration of herbal medicines into Indonesia's health system.