Global Perspectives on Transformative Coaching: A Meta-Synthesis of Practices and Outcomes Across Diverse Fields

This comprehensive meta-analysis reviews 35 articles, selected of 200 studies, to identify theoretical approaches and transformational coaching practices and to evaluate the global application and effectiveness of transformational coaching in a variety of professional settings, including healthcare, education, executive leadership, and sport. By integrating diverse theoretical foundations, this study reveals the universal and unique elements of transformational coaching practices. At the same time, it aims to draw out universal principles for effective coaching interventions and how these practices facilitate deep and structural changes in individuals and highlight the flexibility and impact of coaching in promoting personal and professional development, improving performance, and fostering organizational change. The PRISMA statement guiding data collection was used for the systematic literature review. Data were collected from surveys over the period 2006–2024. Synthesizing findings across multiple contexts, this meta-analysis offers valuable insights into how coaching practices can be adapted to meet the unique needs of different professional environments, ultimately contributing to the development of more effective and transformative coaching interventions.