Prevalence differences in lifetime methamphetamine and heroin use among American Indian reservation youth from 2015 to 2024

Among United States reservation-area Indigenous youth, use of methamphetamine and heroin was lower after the COVID-19 pandemic than before it; however, multi-ethnic American Indian youth are statistically significantly more likely to have used methamphetamine and heroin than mono-ethnic American Indian youth and mono-ethnic non-American Indian youth. Male youth are also at greater risk for lifetime use, supporting the need for targeted interventions for male and multiethnic American Indian youth.