Next-Generation Wound Care: The Role of Nanocarriers in Accelerating Healing and Regeneration

Wound healing is a complex biological process consisting of four key phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. While acute wounds typically heal without complications, chronic wounds present a major healthcare concern due to persistent infections, poor drug delivery, and delayed tissue regeneration. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing wound care by improving drug delivery, reducing microbial load, and supporting tissue repair. This review highlights the application of various nanocarriers, including liposomes, niosomes, hydrogels, and solid lipid nanoparticles, for wound management. These systems enhance drug retention at the wound site, control release profiles, and promote cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Many also exhibit antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making them suitable for chronic wound treatment. The integration of phytochemical-based compounds into nanosystems is discussed, offering sustainable, biocompatible, and cost-effective approaches. Hybrid platforms, such as nanocomposite hydrogels and bioactive nanoparticles, are presented for their improved healing outcomes and multifunctional performance. Furthermore, the review includes recent patents to reflect technological advancements and innovation in this field. Despite promising developments, challenges such as scalability, cost, and regulatory considerations remain. Future research should focus on improving the design, safety, and accessibility of nanotechnology-based wound therapies.