A Longitudinal Study on the Self-Reported Confidence of Medicine Interns Regarding Interpreting Chest Radiographs and Electrocardiograms, Performing Procedures, and Communicating With Patients' Families

Background Gaining confidence in the performance of basic medical procedures and patient communication is integral to resident training. Research suggests that residents tend to exhibit more confidence over the course of their training, but findings have been mixed regarding different competency domains. Furthermore, changes in confidence throughout the intern year of residency remain underexplored. Objective This study aimed to assess changes during the intern year in self-reported confidence in chest radiograph interpretation, electrocardiogram (EKG) interpretation, basic procedures, and communication with families and to identify domains needing targeted training. All four domains were considered co-primary for this study. Methods This exploratory survey study assessed the confidence of 21 of 27 (78%) medical residents training at a community hospital on the East Coast of the United States. Surveys were provided at three timepoints across 10 months from 2024 to 2025 (at the start and at the four- and 10-month follow-ups). Results Eight residents completed at least two of the surveys (38%). Significant differences in confidence across the timepoints were seen for chest X-ray interpretation (H=6.43; p=0.04) and performing basic procedures (H=7.61; p=0.02). No significant differences were seen for EKG interpretation or communication with families (all p>0.05). Repeated measures assessments were inconclusive (all p>0.05). Conclusion These findings highlight a need for training targeting EKG interpretation and performing basic procedures. Providing more hands-on, interactive training for interns may facilitate confidence and preparedness earlier in the training process.