Covalent Organic Structures for Energy Storage and Catalysis: New Sustainable Developments and Progress

ABSTRACT Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous substances that can be used successfully in advanced energy storage applications because of their excellent crystalline structure and high structural tunability. This work has demonstrated the current advancements in COF design, such as the selection of building blocks, linkage chemistry, and post‐synthesis modifications that carefully control porosity, functionality, and electrical behavior. In this study, we examine how unique structural characteristics affect charge transfer and electrochemical characteristics. Particular emphasis is placed on materials based upon COFs used in lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion batteries, as well as supercapacitors, in which pore structure differentiation and redox‐active sites enhance ion mobility and cycling stability. Hybrid systems such as COF/metal NPs and COF/carbon composites are investigated for their synergistic properties in terms of energy storage. We also present current scalability and stability problems, which allow us to identify potential paths for applications of COFs for the use of next‐generation energy systems. Here, we discuss the feasibility of COFs as adaptable platforms for novel energy storage innovations in the development of the system by linking molecular level design to device‐level efficiency and functionalities.