Nucleic Acid Nanodevices for siRNA Delivery

RNA interference (RNAi) technology has emerged as a transformative tool for genetic regulation and precision therapy. As a pivotal therapeutic agent in RNAi, small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers a highly specific modality to inhibit the expression of target genes. However, the efficient delivery of siRNA to target tissues remains a challenge. Nucleic acid nanotechnology enables the customization of nucleic acid nanodevices with structural programmability and functional modularity, which have exhibited considerable potential for efficient siRNA delivery. In this review, the key features of nucleic acid nanodevices are first outlined. The design strategies and translational applications of siRNA delivery systems based on various types of nucleic acid nanodevices are then elaborated. Finally, current challenges and future prospects for the clinical translation of these systems are discussed. This overview provides a systematic reference and support to facilitate the development and implementation of siRNA-mediated precision gene therapy.