Development and Performance Evaluation of Bio‐Cutting Fluid From Chemically Modified Palm Oil With <scp> <i>Cassia fistula</i> </scp> Oil as an Additive

ABSTRACT The research aims to develop a bio‐cutting fluid with transesterified palm oil (TPO) as the base oil and Cassia fistula oil (CFO) as the bio‐additive. Transesterification is used to modify palm oil chemically. The study investigated the physicochemical, tribological, oxidation stability, corrosion stability, and thermal properties of palm oil (PO), TPO, and TPO with 5 wt.% of CFO. Bio‐cutting fluid is developed by mixing optimized oil samples along with Tween 80 and Span 80 in water. The performance test for the formulated cutting fluid was conducted on a standard milling machine, and the findings were compared with commercially available cutting fluid. The optimized oil sample, TPO with 5 wt.% CFO, enhanced the tribological property when compared to TPO. The oxidation stability and cold flow properties of TPO were also significantly enhanced after adding CFO due to the fatty acid composition of the CFO. The developed green cutting fluid (GCF) showed a reduction in surface roughness and cutting force when compared to the commercial cutting fluid (CCF). The works related to the usage of CFO as an additive for bio‐lubricants are limited, and the present study reveals the potential of CFO as an effective bio‐additive for lubricant application, making the work novel. The newly developed bio‐cutting fluid can be a potential substitute for petroleum‐derived cutting fluids.