Development of a Modular Multi-Segment Rock–Soil Sampler for Adaptable Geotechnical Exploration

Subsurface investigation often requires sampling tools that can operate under variable ground conditions and depths. Conventional soil and rock samplers are typically manufactured with fixed dimensions, which may reduce operational flexibility during field exploration. This study presents the development of a modular multi segment rock soil sampler intended to improve adaptability in geotechnical investigations. The proposed system consists of a penetration head, sequential cylindrical sampling segments, an internal sample holding section, and a base connection interface. The multi segment configuration enables the sampler to be assembled in different lengths according to exploration requirements. The penetration head is designed to facilitate entry into compact soil or weathered rock formations while guiding fragmented material into the sampling chamber. The modular architecture allows individual segments to be detached, inspected, or replaced without replacing the entire tool assembly. Conceptual modelling and structural evaluation were carried out to examine the geometry and operational arrangement of the sampler. The developed system demonstrates improved adaptability, easier handling during field deployment, and simplified maintenance. The proposed sampler offers potential benefits for geotechnical exploration where flexible sampling depth and equipment portability are important operational considerations.