Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection associated with cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth in renal transplant recipients

The high frequency of HPV infection observed in RTR patients using cyclosporine may be associated with the immunosuppression caused by this drug. However, since this is a cross-sectional study, the exposure and outcome are observed simultaneously; and therefore, they may not be related. In any case, we believe that oral lesions in these individuals should be monitored to prevent the development of malignant lesions, such as oral cancer.