Prediction of treatment response in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome using <scp>EEG</scp> phase–amplitude coupling

We examined brain activity in infants with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) to predict which infants' seizures would stop with standard medication. Specifically, we measured coupling between slow and fast brain waves in both healthy infants and those with IESS. Infants for whom medication failed had stronger coupling, even before the treatment was started, while those with weaker coupling (more similar to healthy infants) were more likely to have their seizures stop after treatment. These findings suggest that brain wave coupling could help doctors predict which infants will need more aggressive treatment.