Sustainable Business Models and Green Entrepreneurship in India

India is at a crucial juncture in its economic development where decarbonisation, resource efficiency, and inclusive growth must be balanced. This paper examines sustainable business models and green entrepreneurship in India: definitions, drivers, enabling policies, finance mechanisms, representative case studies, barriers, and actionable recommendations. Using a mixed-methods approach (literature synthesis, policy review, and illustrative case studies), the study finds that market mechanisms (green finance, sustainable debt markets), supportive policy frameworks (draft climate finance taxonomy, SEBI and finance ministry initiatives), and mission-oriented entrepreneurship (solar, biomass, circular-economy startups) are jointly enabling a nascent but rapidly expanding green ecosystem. Key barriers remain: access to long-term capital, technology gap for hard-to-abate sectors, regulatory fragmentation, and limited scalability of many social-entrepreneurship models. The paper concludes with policy and managerial recommendations to accelerate the scaling of sustainable business models in India.