A Novel Communication‐Less Control Method for <scp>PV</scp> ‐ <scp>ESS DC</scp> Microgrids

In direct current (DC) microgrids, traditional droop control methods facilitate power sharing and stabilize bus voltage. However, this communication‐less approach is constrained by challenges including insufficient voltage restoration and imbalances in battery state of charge (SOC). This paper introduces a novel communication‐less control strategy designed to address these limitations in photovoltaic energy storage system (PV‐ESS) DC microgrids. This method assigns the energy storage unit (ESU) closest to the critical load as the ‘master unit’ setting its output voltage to nominal levels. This master unit injects an alternating current (AC) signal into the DC bus, with the signal frequency modulated by its SOC and output current. Additional ESUs, referred to as ‘slave units’ adjust their output currents based on the frequency of the AC signal and their local SOC. Furthermore, the master unit utilizes a logical signal based on its SOC to switch the photovoltaic module between droop control mode and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode. Stability analysis verifies the robustness of the proposed method, and simulation results demonstrate that it surpasses conventional droop control approaches. Specifically, the proposed method enhances load‐sharing precision, minimizes voltage deviation, and ensures SOC equalization across the DC microgrid without the need for communication links. © 2026 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.