Beyond conventional metrics: Exploring psychosocial impacts and coping strategies in hurricane-affected communities in Jamaica

Traditional disaster risk assessments often prioritize quantifiable outcomes such as mortality rates, infrastructure damage, and economic losses, while overlooking the psychosocial dimensions that significantly influence individual and community recovery. This study explores the psychosocial effects of Hurricane Beryl, which struck southern St. Elizabeth, Jamaica, in July 2024, focusing on the coping strategies and support systems adopted by affected residents. Using a mixed-methods approach, a quantitative survey was conducted with 242 residents from the communities of Pedro Plains and Watchwell in Southern Elizabeth. The data from the quantitative survey was bolstered by qualitative insights from open-ended responses and debriefings, offering a deeper look into how individuals experienced and managed the aftermath of the storm. The results revealed that residents, especially women and residents living in Watchwell, continued to experience persistent emotional distress nine months after the hurricane. Primary stressors included damage to property, disrupted access to essential services, income loss, and continued livelihood insecurity. Common emotional responses were sadness, anxiety, and fear. In the absence of formal support systems, residents leaned heavily on informal social networks, especially family, friends, and faith-based coping as their main sources of emotional support. Although there was strong community interest in mental health services, access remained limited due to stigma, a shortage of trained professionals, and transportation barriers. These findings underscore the urgent need for disaster preparedness and recovery frameworks to integrate psychosocial support, community trust-building, and emotional resilience as key pillars alongside traditional risk metrics.