The Surgical Glass Ceiling: A Retrospective Observational Study of Gender Representation from Residency Programs to Academic Positions in Italy
Despite progress, women remain underrepresented in surgical specialties and disproportionately excluded from senior academic ranks. Scalable interventions, like mentorship, transparent promotion systems, and supportive work-life policies, are urgently needed to dismantle the "surgical glass ceiling" and safeguard the future surgical workforce.
Authors
- Cecilia Pompili (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6746-5441)
- Massimo Minerva
- Flavia Pennisi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9185-9747)
- Antônio F. M. Pinto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-8011)
- Cristina Renzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1629-0036)
- G. Veronesi
Institutions
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (IT)
- University of Hull (GB)
- University of Pavia (IT)
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IT)
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele (IT)
- University College London (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of the American College of Surgeons
- Published
- 2026-03-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1097/xcs.0000000000001848
- Primary Topic
- Diversity and Career in Medicine
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00