Knowledge, Attitudes, and Clinical Preparedness of Dentists for Medical Emergencies: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

<b>Background</b>: Medical emergencies in dental practice are uncommon but may have serious consequences if not promptly recognized and managed. Dentists are expected to identify and initiate appropriate interventions during such events; however, the extent to which theoretical knowledge translates into clinical confidence and preparedness remains unclear. <b>Methods</b>: This nationwide cross-sectional survey evaluated dentists' knowledge, attitudes, and preparedness regarding medical emergencies encountered in routine dental practice. A total of 300 dentists practicing in Türkiye completed two structured questionnaires: a scenario-based single-best-answer multiple-choice questionnaire assessing knowledge of medical emergencies and a Likert-scale questionnaire evaluating attitudes and clinical preparedness. Of the 450 dentists invited to participate, 300 completed the survey (response rate: 66.6%). Overall knowledge scores were calculated from 16 emergency scenarios, and participants were categorized into knowledge-level groups. Associations between knowledge, attitudes, and availability of emergency resources were analyzed using chi-square tests with effect size estimation. <b>Results</b>: The median overall knowledge score was 11 (IQR: 9-13). While high correct response rates were observed for commonly encountered emergencies such as syncope and intraoral bleeding, lower accuracy was noted for high-risk conditions including hypertensive crisis, anaphylaxis, and epileptic seizures. Only 40% of dentists reported feeling sufficiently competent to manage medical emergencies, and avoidance of treating high-risk patients was common. Higher knowledge levels and availability of emergency equipment and medications were significantly associated with greater self-perceived competence and reduced avoidance behavior. <b>Conclusions</b>: Although dentists demonstrate adequate theoretical knowledge of medical emergencies, significant gaps persist in clinical confidence, preparedness, and management of high-risk scenarios. Strengthening emergency preparedness in dental practice requires structured, hands-on training and improved access to essential emergency resources to ensure patient safety and support effective clinical decision-making.