Comparative efficacy of neoadjuvant short-course versus long-course radiotherapy-based regimens with or without immunotherapy for locally advanced pMMR rectal cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

This NMA suggests that the SCRT-based platform may be the preferred option to combine with immunotherapy in pMMR LARC. The results support direct comparison of these platforms in future phase III trials focused on long-term survival and organ preservation.