Long-term outcomes following arteriovenous fistula ligation in kidney transplant recipients

Post-transplant AVF ligation may improve allograft survival. However, due to significant differences between patients undergoing AVF ligation <i>vs</i> non-ligation, these findings are susceptible to selection bias and should be interpreted cautiously. Randomized controlled trials are needed in patient groups who may stand to benefit the most from cardiovascular protection from AVF ligation.