Clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological features of acute eosinophilic dermatitis with oedema in a dog showing good response to oclacitinib

Abstract This case report describes the clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological features of canine acute eosinophilic dermatitis with oedema, successfully treated with oclacitinib. The dog presented with erythematous macules and patches arranged in serpiginous and arciform patterns, preceded by a brief episode of vomiting and diarrhoea. No medications were administered for the gastrointestinal signs, and no antiparasitic prophylaxis was in place at lesion onset. The lack of recurrence following antiparasitic therapy suggests a parasitic infection as the most likely trigger. Oclacitinib was chosen as an alternative to corticosteroids due to adverse effects observed with steroid therapy. Clinical improvement and lesion resolution supported its efficacy, likely related to its inhibitory effect on eosinophilic inflammation. Dermoscopy proved useful for lesion monitoring, highlighting its potential as a diagnostic aid in inflammatory dermatoses in veterinary medicine.