Global burden of ischemic heart disease from 1990 to 2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and predictions to 2030

From 1990 to 2021, the global absolute number of IHD cases increased, yet ASRs for prevalence, incidence, DALYs, and mortality declined across all age groups and genders, with greater reductions observed in higher SDI regions. Projections indicate a continued decrease in ASIR through 2030, with the most significant reductions expected in the ≥70 years age group. These findings highlight the critical need for enhanced prevention and healthcare policies to address the global IHD burden effectively. In low- and middle-SDI regions, policy efforts should be intensified to control risk factors, whereas in high-SDI regions the focus should be on secondary prevention and rehabilitation.