Sex-Related Taboo Language Among University Students: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective

This study investigates how Croatian students from the University of Split and Italian students from the University of Salerno perceive and use sex-related taboo language, focusing on differences between their first language (L1), Croatian or Italian, and their second language (L2), English. Data were gathered through an anonymous online survey exploring participants’ perception and use of 15 sex-related taboo expressions in both their L1 and L2. A total of 160 university students participated (N = 160), including 80 Croatian and 80 Italian students. The results indicate that students perceive sex-related words and phrases as more offensive in their L1 than in their L2. However, contrary to expectations, they reported using such language more frequently in their L1, both in oral and written communication. This study contributes to understanding how bilinguals navigate sex-related taboo language across their L1 and L2. Unlike most previous research, which has mainly focused on taboo language in general, this study specifically examines sex-related taboo words. The findings contradict the common notion that speakers choose L2 for swearing due to the emotional distance it provides. Instead, it suggests that participants may intentionally choose their L1 to convey stronger emotional intensity, especially in close or personal situations.