Radiation protection knowledge and training needs among dental healthcare workers in Turkey

<i>Objectives.</i> This study evaluated radiation protection knowledge among oral and dental healthcare professionals in Turkey, focusing on medical imaging technicians (MITs), dentists and dental assistants (DAs). <i>Methods<b>.</b></i> A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 236 participants using the validated Turkish version of the healthcare professional knowledge of radiation protection (Tr-HPKRP) scale. Knowledge was assessed across three domains: radiation physics and principles; radiation protection; and safe use of ionizing radiation. Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied for group comparisons. <i>Results.</i> MITs achieved significantly higher scores than dentists and DAs across all domains (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Structured education through academic programs or formal in-service training was positively associated with knowledge (<i>p</i> < 0.01), while reliance on informal sources such as media or colleagues showed no effect (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Professional experience was not correlated with knowledge (<i>p</i> > 0.05). <i>Conclusions.</i> Substantial knowledge gaps exist among dentists and DAs compared with MITs. Integrating standardized and regularly updated radiation safety training into undergraduate curricula and continuing professional development is essential to improve compliance with best practices and ensure patient and practitioner safety in dental diagnostic imaging.