Surgical Treatment of Peri-Implant Defects with L-PRF-Xenograft Bone Blocks: A Prospective Case Series

The goal of this paper was to determine the efficacy of the surgical treatment of two-wall peri-implant defects filled with L-PRF/xenograft block in the reduction of peri-implant marginal bone levels after 12 months. Ten patients with two-wall peri-implant defects were included. Patients received presurgical treatment followed by a surgical reconstructive intervention with bone blocks obtained by mixing bovine origin xenogeneic bone graft grains with L-PRF membranes. Patients were followed up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months for oral hygiene and disease relapse evaluation and assessment of the primary outcome marginal bone levels (MBL) and clinical outcome variables such as probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and mucosal recession. Data was analyzed for changes between baseline and the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Mean MBL was 5.1 ± 1.7 mm and 1.58 ± 0.92 mm at baseline and 6 months after the procedure, indicating a statistically significant decrease (<i>p</i> = 0.0005). At 12 months post-surgery, marginal bone levels remained stable at 1.8 ± 0.9 mm, with no statistically significant difference from the previous evaluation (<i>p</i> > 0.05). From baseline to 6 months there was also a statistically significant decrease in PD (from 8.07 ± 1.51 mm to 3.33 ± 0.59, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and BOP (from 60.0% to 13.0% of affected surfaces, <i>p</i> < 0.001). No changes were observed from the intermediate to the 12-month follow-up (<i>p</i> > 0.05 for all variables).