Assessment of Ten Insulin Resistance Surrogate Indexes Predicts New-Onset Cardiovascular Disease Incidence in Patients with Prediabetes or Diabetes: Insights from CHARLS Data with Machine Learning Analysis

eGDR and CVAI outperformed other IR indexes in predicting CVD in Chinese patients with prediabetes or diabetes. Their integration into KNN models significantly improved risk stratification, suggesting their utility as accessible clinical tools for early identification and intervention to reduce CVD burden.