Every Nonflat Conformal Minimal Surface is Homotopic to a Proper One

Abstract Given an open Riemann surface M , we prove that every nonflat conformal minimal immersion $$M\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ( $$n\ge 3$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) is homotopic through nonflat conformal minimal immersions $$M\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> to a proper one. If $$n\ge 5$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , it may be chosen in addition injective, hence a proper conformal minimal embedding. Prescribing its flux, as a consequence, every nonflat conformal minimal immersion $$M\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is homotopic to the real part of a proper holomorphic null embedding $$M\rightarrow \mathbb {C}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . We also obtain a result for a more general family of holomorphic immersions from an open Riemann surface into $$\mathbb {C}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> directed by Oka cones in $$\mathbb {C}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> .

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Journal
Journal of Geometric Analysis
Published
2026-03-12
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12220-026-02389-x
Primary Topic
Geometric Analysis and Curvature Flows
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Every Nonflat Conformal Minimal Surface is Homotopic to a Proper One

Tjaša Vrhovnik
Journal of Geometric Analysis
Geometric Analysis and Curvature Flows
article

Every Nonflat Conformal Minimal Surface is Homotopic to a Proper One

Tjaša Vrhovnik
article en

Abstract

Abstract Given an open Riemann surface M , we prove that every nonflat conformal minimal immersion $$M\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ( $$n\ge 3$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) is homotopic through nonflat conformal minimal immersions $$M\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> to a proper one. If $$n\ge 5$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , it may be chosen in addition injective, hence a proper conformal minimal embedding. Prescribing its flux, as a consequence, every nonflat conformal minimal immersion $$M\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is homotopic to the real part of a proper holomorphic null embedding $$M\rightarrow \mathbb {C}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . We also obtain a result for a more general family of holomorphic immersions from an open Riemann surface into $$\mathbb {C}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> directed by Oka cones in $$\mathbb {C}^n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> .

Journal of Geometric AnalysisVol. 36(4)
Universidad de Granada (ES)
Universidad de Granada, European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Openalex Percentile: Top 21%
Geometric Analysis and Curvature Flows
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