Thrombolytic and Membrane Stabilizing Activities of Murraya koenigii Bark and Tinospora crispa Stem

Thrombosis and inflammation are interrelated pathological processes that play a central role in the development of cardiovascular complications. This study evaluated the thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities of the bark of Murraya koenigiiand the stem of Tinospora crispa, two widely used medicinal plants with recognized traditional medicinal value. Crude methanolic extracts of both plant materials were first prepared. These extracts were then subjected to solvent–solvent partitioning to yield petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions. Thrombolytic potential was investigated using an in vitroclot lysis assay, while membrane stabilizing activity was assessed through hypotonic solution and heat-induced hemolysis models employing human erythrocytes. The ethyl acetate fraction of M. koenigii bark exhibited the highest thrombolytic activity among the tested samples, whereas fractions derived from T. crispastem demonstrated moderate clot lysis. In membrane stabilization assays, M. koenigiibark extracts showed strong inhibition of hypotonic solution–induced hemolysis, while T. crispastem fractions were more effective against heat-induced hemolysis. The observed bioactivities varied across solvent fractions, indicating the influence of solvent polarity on the distribution of active constituents. These findings support the traditional use of M. koenigiiand T. crispa and suggest their potential as sources of plant-derived thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing agents for managing inflammation-associated thrombotic disorders.