Incomplete obstructive diseases of the female genital tract: a classification analysis of 72 cases and a literature review

Objective This study aimed to explore the diagnosis and treatment of patients who have reached menarche but present with clinical manifestations of genital tract obstruction. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 72 patients with abnormal menstrual blood discharge and genital tract developmental abnormalities treated at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Fuyang People’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, from May 1994 to August 2024. The study evaluated the deformity features, clinical manifestations, treatment methods, and clinical outcomes, together with a literature review, and performed a classification analysis of female genital tract developmental abnormalities with incomplete obstructive clinical presentations. Results (1) A total of 24 types of female genital tract developmental abnormalities were identified in patients who had attained menarche and presented with obstructive clinical presentations. (2) These diseases were collectively referred to as incomplete obstructive diseases of the female genital tract. (3) Incomplete obstructive diseases of the female genital tract were classified into four types based on the location of obstruction: incomplete vaginal orifice obstruction, incomplete vaginal obstruction, incomplete cervical obstruction, and incomplete uterine cavity obstruction. Conclusion The classification and categorization of incomplete obstructive diseases of the female genital tract provide important clinical guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of patients who have attained menarche but have genital tract obstructive clinical manifestations.