HUMAN RIGHTS OF WOMEN IN INDIA: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY

ABSTRACT Human rights are fundamental rights inherent to all human beings and essential for ensuring dignity, equality, and freedom. Women in India are constitutionally guaranteed equal rights; however, social, cultural, and institutional barriers continue to hinder their effective realization. Despite constitutional provisions, legislative protections, and judicial interventions, women continue to face discrimination, violence, and unequal access to opportunities. This article examines the constitutional framework, statutory protections, and judicial developments relating to women’s human rights in India. It further analyses the socio-legal challenges that prevent women from fully exercising these rights and highlights the gap between legal guarantees and lived realities. The study adopts an analytical and descriptive approach using constitutional provisions, legislation, judicial decisions, and scholarly literature. It concludes that although India has developed a comprehensive legal framework for protecting women’s rights, effective implementation and societal transformation remain essential for achieving substantive gender equality and justice. Keywords: Human rights, women’s rights, gender justice, constitutional law, equality, India.