Ovarian Rejuvenation in Infertile Women with Low Anti-Müllerian Hormone Using Peripheral Blood–Derived Stem Cell Techniques

Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) represents a major contributor to female infertility and is often characterized by reduced levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and impaired folliculogenesis. This study evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of peripheral blood–derived stem cell (PBSC) therapy in restoring ovarian function and improving fertility outcomes in women presenting with low AMH levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving sixty participants divided equally into control and intervention groups at Vine Branch Fertility Centre, Ibadan, Nigeria. Peripheral blood samples (16 mL) were collected and processed via differential centrifugation to isolate the buffy coat containing stem and progenitor cells. The concentrated PBSC preparation was subsequently administered through intraovarian injection under ultrasound guidance. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters including AMH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, and antral follicle count (AFC) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results demonstrated significant improvement in ovarian reserve markers in the intervention group, with AMH levels nearly doubling and AFC increasing substantially compared to controls. These findings suggest that PBSC therapy may promote ovarian rejuvenation through angiogenic signaling, stromal remodeling, and paracrine mechanisms.