Progress in cobalt oxide nanomaterials in the realm of super capacitive energy storing device applications: A review

Modern energy consumption is constantly increasing, necessitating the need for more electrochemical energy storage systems to meet the growing requirements. According to recent research, supercapacitors (SCs) represent a significant advancement for energy storage applications to meet this growing demand. They are now considered as materials for the future due to the flexible nature of the inherent cobalt oxide, along with its other qualities. This review addresses the significant advancements in the several phases of cobalt oxides (CoO and Co 3 O 4 ) and the different allotropic and morphological nanoforms that have been utilized extensively over the past ten years. The introduction of the several dopants that increase their performance is also presented. Furthermore, compositing cobalt oxide with its various other counterpart electrode materials like carbon materials, other transition metal oxides and conducting polymers is also discussed. The synergistic effects of compositing with these materials is discussed, which is a promising area for future research in device applications. Device configurations of cobalt oxides along with strategies to improve device performance and challenges in measurement of capacitance are also discussed. Additional information about the fundamentals of batteries and SCs are also covered, with an emphasis on the advantages and disadvantages of each counterpart. • This review offers a detailed look at cobalt oxide nanomaterials, and the strategies used in developing and synthesizing high-performance supercapacitors. • The paper provides the significant improvement of the specific capacitance of Cobalt oxide by compositing with other materials. • Detailed examination of implementation of Cobalt oxide nanomaterials in various electrode devices and its improvement has been discussed. • Future perspectives and challenges of Cobalt oxides in next-generation energy storage devices have also been included.