The power of perception: how perceived language policy shapes intergenerational cultural transmission intent

Introduction Amidst global challenges to linguistic diversity, the intergenerational transmission of local languages is critical for cultural preservation. While public enthusiasm is high, it is unclear how this translates into transmission intention, particularly how macro-level policies shape individual psychology. Existing research often lacks an integrated framework. To address this gap, this study proposes and tests an integrated social-ecological-cognitive model, hypothesizing that perceived language policy, as a macrosystem factor, is the most critical predictor of intergenerational language transmission intention. Methods An online survey was conducted across China, yielding 390 valid responses via snowball sampling. The questionnaire measured transmission intention, attitudes, social norms, community engagement, and perceived language policy. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. Results The results indicated that the ecological model explained 52.9% of the variance in transmission intention, with all dimensions being significant predictors. Notably, perceived language policy emerged as the predictor with the largest standardized coefficient (β = 0.266, p < 0.001 ). Additionally, language proficiency was found to be foundational for positive attitudes ( p < 0.001 ). Discussion In conclusion, intergenerational language transmission intention is shaped by a multi-level ecological system. The public's subjective perception of macro-level institutional support is a primary psychological correlate. For cultural preservation, policies must be made visible and tangible.